Hakobi Daruma

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Carry around Daruma だるま運び
hakobi daruma
on a stretcher




It is made from inflatable plastic and used at schools for children to practise keeping balance while two students carrying him.




. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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Daruma Museum

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Katana (2) - Tsuba, Menuki

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Katana (2) - Tsuba, Menuki, Daruma and the Sword
刀、鍔、目抜きとだるま― 武芸散歩


. Katana 日本刀 Sword (1) 　


In this story we will talk about the Japanese samurai sword first and then look at some special decorations featuring Daruma san.

The first Japanese sword may have come from the gods, as we saw in Part 1, but a more realistic version has it come from Mainland China and Korea to Japan. Swords from the Heian period to the Muromachi period are called "Old Swords" (kotoo, koto 古刀), from the first year of Keichoo (1596) we talk about the "New Sword" (shintoo, shinto 新刀) and during the later half of the Edo period the "New New Sword" (shinshintoo 新新刀) came to be known.

The older great sword (tachi 太刀) had been hung from the belt. The long sword (katana 刀) and a shorter companion sword (wakisashi 脇指), both stuck in a sash, as we can see on typical Samurai pictures, came into use during the Momoyama period. Fighting shools for one or two swords developed during the peaceful Edo period and the decorative parts of a sword, the guard (tsuba) and other hilt decorations (menuki) became more and more elaborate.
The most famous hero fighting with two swords is maybe Miyamoto Musashi, who will be subject of a yearlong TV series on NHK in 2003.
Musashi also painted Daruma san.
Reference : Kumamoto : Musashi

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You find all the knowledge about the Japanese Sword on this extensive HP in English.

For example the History of Swords.
A Glossary of Japanese Sword Terms.
A Museum full of famous Japanes swords.

And there is also our Empress Jinguu Koogoo with the War God Hachiman



source : www.sho-shin.com


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The Sword Guard 鍔 Tsuba 　



. Tsuba 鍔　 .

　
quote　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The sword guard is a heavy metal disc attached between the hilt and the blade.
This part of a sword fitting has always been considered one of the most esteemed posessions of a samurai. During the Muromachi period and the Momoyama period feudal lords and powerful clans fought fierce battles against each other. Therefore the functionality of the sword guard was more important than its decoration. The Edo period brought an uninterrupted period of 256 years of peace to Japan. Now the Japanese sword guard rapidly developed into a refined piece of art.

The primary purposes of the guard are to balance the sword, prevent the hand from sliding down the blade and, as a last resort, to use it as a block against a thrust or slash. Thus the guard protected the hand of the samurai, but more important it was a reflection of himself, an expression of this thoughts and imagination. Simple open work in early pieces as well as lavish and intricate techniques often allow us only an idea of what the original owner was attempting to express. Intellectual principles, mostly with a deep religious background, have been woven into a group of artifacts, which illustrate as clearly as any other the cultural and sociological development of Japan throughout history.

The strong connection of Zen Buddhism with the way of the samurai makes Daruma san a suited object on the sword decorations.
The sword guard had patterns on both sides and some extra holes to permit the insertion of a utility knife (kozuka 小柄), a skewer (koogai 笄) to scratch the head under the helmet and chopsticks (waribashi 割り箸).
These items were called the "Three Things" (mitokoro mono 三所物).
source : ils.unc.edu

More online reference :
source : Reference

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from online auctions

















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Here is a very useful introduction:

　　　Günther Heckmann - Tsuba
Nurtingen : H.U.B. Verlag, 1995

This book is composed of 143 colour plates with descriptions in English, German and Japanese. It also contains glossaries and indices in the same languages.
Mr. Heckmann has been a guest at my Paradise Hermitage (GokuRakuAn) in Okayama a few years ago. He restores laquer art items of Japan and other Asian countries.

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Sword Decorations　目抜きとほかの刀装飾道具 　　
　



. Menuki 目抜き　 .
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Menuki are pairs of small metal ornaments, secured one to each side of the hilt of the sword by means of a braid that covers the hilt. They are functional, miniature works of art that portray a wide range of subjects. Their original purpose was to hold the peg that locks the blade and hilt together. Later their position was moved and their purpose was to allow a better grip on the handle. From the late Kamakura period onward, the menuki were placed on each side of the handle under the grasp of the fingers to prevent slipping.
Nowadays we even find menuki reworked to be used as cuff links in an American crosscultural version.

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What is the connection
between the sword and Daruma after all, you might ask again.

During the Edo period, many "WAYS" were developed, based on the principles of Zen and practised by the samurai, and "The Way of the Warrior" (Bushidoo) was of course one of them. One aspect of Bushidoo is "The Way of the Sword" (Kendoo) and the "Way of the Bow" (Kyuudoo). Part of the training of a young lord was to spend time in a Zen temple and meditate about Life and Death and the non-existence of Life and Death in order to prepare him not to fear anything that came along his way.
During my many years of practising with the bow in a Zen temple in Kamakura we usually started a training session with a meditation period. And if you read the concepts of modern Kendoo Federation, you find some of them quite close to Zen concepts. For example "to forever pursue the cultivation of oneself" is quite close to the pursuit of Enlightenment. Therefore I guess the appearance of Daruma on items connected with the sword were ment to remind the samurai of the most noble WAY of all.



The famous samurai Miyamoto Musashi even painted Daruma, as we have seen above.
source :　www.museum.pref.kumamoto


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From the collection of my friend George O Hawkins
Look at many more here:
source : Facebook album


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. Katana 日本刀 Sword (1) 　　


. Fuchi Kashira and Menuki Set
more about
TSUBA, the sword guard　　


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Katana (1) Sword

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Katana - Daruma and the Japanese Sword
日本刀とだるま― 武芸散歩




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A sword together with a mirror (yata no kagami) and a comma-shaped jade jewel (yasakani no magatama) is one of the three Imperial regalia of Japan.

The Imperial Sword of the Billowing Clouds.



"The sword Susanooh discovered in the tail of the slain eight-headed dragon (orochi) and gave to the gods was eventually given to Ninigi (great grandfather of Emperor Jinmu, the first Japanese emperor), a grandson of Amaterasu the sun goddess, when he came down to earth. The sword is one of the three divine articles that are part of the Japanese Imperial regalia, but it was lost in the 12th century. The sword's name is "Ama-no-Murakumo-no-Tsurugi" (sword of heavenly gathering of clouds), and it is also known as "Kusanagi-no-Tsurugi" (grass cutting two-edged sword) when it was used by Yamato Takeru to cut grass to make an escape route when he was surrounded by fire in one of the Ainu subjugation campaigns. So, both Murakumo and Kusanagi refer to the same thing, the sword of Orochi, the Dragon-King of the Sea.
This sword could only be wielded by the Emperor of Japan."

The close connection of the Imperial power with the heavenly sword maybe explaines why the Japanese have such a special veneration for swords, later to be called "The soul of the Samurai" and always handled with great respect. We will explore the religious aspect of the sword in Part 1 and the more materialistic one in Part 2.

八咫鏡(ヤタノカガミ), 草薙の剣（クサナギノツルギ）、八尺瓊勾玉(ヤサカニノマガタマ)　－　剣は三種の神器として昔から日本人にとって大事なものでした。武士の魂とも言われているほど侍の大事な道具でした。パート１では、宗教で見られる刀、パート２では、具体的に刀の話をすすめます。
http://inoues.net/yamataikoku/3shu/3shu_jingi.html


Read more about the legendary AMA-no-MURAKUMO-no-TSURUGI, the Sword of the Billowing Clouds on the following HP, which will be introduced in detail in Part 2.
http://www.sho-shin.com/yam1.htm

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. Futsumitama 布都御魂 Futsu no mitama .
The personification of a divine sword.

Futsumitama no tsurugi 韴霊剣、布都御魂剣（ふつみたまのつるぎ）
Sajifutsu no kami 佐士布都神（さじふつのかみ）
Mikafutsunokami 甕布都神（みかふつのかみ）


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The Buddhist Sword of Wisdom 知剣 Chiken 　
In Buddhism, we have a more philosophical form, the Sword of Wisdom. It is carried by Monju Bosatsu and the Wisdom King Fudoo (see below).





Monju Bosatsu (Manjushri Bodhisattva)　 文殊菩薩
In his left hand he holds a sutra by which he dispenses wisdom to people, and in his right hand holds a sword for cutting off delusion. He sometimes rides on a lion, which is called the king of a hundred animals, and this expresses how he lives grandly with a powerful and correct wisdom.
"If three people are together, the Wisdom of Monju emerges" is a common saying in Japan which showes the strong connection with Monju and Wisdom.
Legend says that Monju was an Indian monk, born after the death of Shakyamuni. He reached the status of Bodhisattva through his serious ascetic studies. His religious dispute with the lay Buddhist Vimalakirti is reported in a famous sutra, Yuimakyoo.
Manjushri is very popular in Tibet, Northern China and Mongolia. The name of the region "Manjuria" might be taken from a deformed prononciation of "Manjushri". 　　　　　　　　　　
source://www.shingon.org/



Chiken (知剣, Buddism sword of wisdom)
on a sword at Yahiko Shrine (弥彦神社), Niigata
source : Taisaku Nogi


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If you repeat the Holy Mantra of Monju, On A Rahashanoo, you might gain the wisdom of Monju, if you practise seriously.

オン　ア ラハシャノウ 　
オン　アラハシャノウ
この真言（五字文殊法）

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The Wisdom King Fudoo Myoo-oo and
the Sword Kurikara
不動明王と倶利伽羅不動剣
The unmovable Fudoo (Acala Vidyaaraaja) is one of the Wisdom Kings (Myoo-oo). He is usually depicted in a very wrathful way. He is a typical Japanese deity, introduced by Kooboo Daishi about 806 and soon became a special protector of the Mountain Ascetics (yamabushi). An impressive waterfall is considered the personification of Fudoo, for example the Great Waterfall at Nachi, which we met in the story about Kumano.
Fudoo is portrayed holding a two-edged sword with a three-pronged hilt in his right hand and a coiled rope in his left hand. With this sword of wisdom, Fudoo cuts through deluded and ignorant minds and with the rope he binds those who are ruled by their violent passions and emotions.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

http://www.shingon.org/deities/jusanbutsu/fudo.html



Kurikara Fudo is another personification of this deity, this time in the form of a Dragon-Sword. The Dargon King Kurikara (Sanskrit: Kulikaa Nagaraajaa) is said to have a golden body color and is sometimes depicted with one or two horns on his head.
Legend has it that Fudoo had to fight the representative of a different religion. He changed himself into a flaming sword but the opponent did the same and the fighting went on without a winner. Now Fudoo changed himself into the Dragon Kurikara, wound himself around the opposing sword and started eating it from the top. This episode gave rise to the iconographic rendering as we know it now.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　

The dragon used to be a vasall or symbol of the deity, but in this unique case the symbol and the deity came to be honored as the same thing. Especially during the Edo period where the sword was a symbol of the vasall's loyalty to his lord, the statues and steles of Kurikara Fudoo were produced in greater numbers.
倶利加羅は、「倶梨迦羅」「古力迦羅」「倶力迦羅」などと書れ、黒色の龍を意味し、不動明王の化身とされる。この龍が燃え盛る炎に包まれながらも岩上の利剣に巻き付き剣を飲み込まんとする尊像が倶利加羅不動明王で、危険な修羅場の守り神、火消し・博奕打ちが好んで刺青に使った尊像である。
http://www.jsdi.or.jp/~kirara80/meisho/narusawa/index.html/index412.html

This Kurikara Fudoo is the protective deity of a waterfall ofTerazawa. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　


On the following HP you find another beatuiful stone stele with the Kurikara Fudoo and an explanation about other wayside deities (kooshin) in Japanese.
倶利迦羅明王は不動明王の化身で、庚申塔(こうしんとう)によくある青面金剛(しょうめんこんごう)とは少し違います。
source : mejirofudo

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Lately, maybe because of the play of words using
KEN (sword) and SHIKEN (examination)
the Kurikara Fudoo is sought after by students who have to pass an examination and want to ensure some divine help in this endeavor.

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Now let us go back to the Japanese sword. Here is a fine engraving of a Kurikara Fudoo on a companion sword (wakizashi).
脇指にすばらしい倶利伽羅不動があります。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

source : kunihiro.htm
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. Kurikara, the Sword of Fudo Myo-o
不動明王と倶利伽羅不動剣 .

　



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Sword bag "Daruma" 刀袋　達磨

　
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The story about the samurai sword continues with Part 2,
where we will talk in detail about the sword guard and other sword ornaments.


Menuki 目抜き　＜＞　Sword Decoration
Menuki ... Sword Part 2


Tatara and Fuigo, making metal for the sword
高殿鑪,鞴


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. Yamato Takeru and Shrine Sakaori no Miya 酒折宮 　

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H A I K U

tachi, daitoo たち / 太刀／大刀 long sword




梅さくや雪隠の外の刀持
ume saku ya setchin no soto no katanamochi

plum blossoms--
outside the outhouse
a sword bearer

by Issa, 1824
Shinji Ogawa notes that katanamochi means "a sword holder"... an attendant. He explains, "A samurai of decent rank could afford such an attendant because human labor was so cheap."
Tr. David Lanoue


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一太刀の光を海に雷鳴す
hito tachi no hikari o umi ni kan narasu

the sparkling
of one big sword on the sea -
thundering thunder

Matsudaira Tomoko 松平知子

source : masaokato.jp


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mawashi sumo

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Mawashi まわし(回し) wrestler's belt


keshoo mawashi 化粧まわし
Sumo wrestlers decorated belt


© PHOTO :　www.asahi.com

Takamiyama, a famous sumo wrestler in his time, was in the news today and a Daruma keshomawashi was in the background of the photo.
He will retire in June from his job as OYAKATA.

東関親方（元関脇高見山）



© PHOTO : 2009 Nihon Sumo Kyokai


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In sumo, a mawashi (Japanese: 廻し) is the belt that the rikishi (or sumo wrestler) wears during training or in competition. Upper ranked professional wrestlers wear a kesho-mawashi (see below) as part of the ring entry ceremony or dohyo-iri.

For top, sekitori, ranked professional rikishi it is made of silk and comes in a variety of colors. It is approximately 30 feet (9.1 m) in length when unwrapped, about two feet wide and weighs between eight and eleven pounds. It is wrapped several times around the rikishi and fastened in the back by a large knot. A series of matching colour, stiffened silk fronds, called sagari are inserted into the front of the mawashi. Their number varies from 13 to 25, and is always an odd number. If these fall out during competition the gyoji (or referee) will throw them from the ring at the first opportunity.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


. . . CLICK here for Photos of sumo wrestlers belts!


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Takamiyama Daigorō 高見山大五郎
(born 16 June 1944 as Jesse James Wailani Kuhaulua in Hawaii, U.S.) is a former sumo wrestler, the first foreign born rikishi to win the top division championship (in 1972). His highest rank was sekiwake. He is also the first foreign born wrestler ever to take charge of a training stable, having been head coach of Azumazeki stable since 1986.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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In my very first year in Japan, a friend invited us to her home for lunch. Over the sofa was a large painting of a man. "Oh, you have an ink painting of Daruma san!" I was happy to have found a soulmate.
She laughed out loud. "Gabi san, you are the first to recognize this painting. Everybody else says: Is this Takamiyama, the famous sumo wrestler?"
We had a good laugh and ever since Takamiyama, who was at his best at that time, has been like a Daruma to me.
I am happy to find his Daruma Mawashi today in the news.


keshoo mawashi -
tsuwamono nara no yume no ato

化粧回し兵ならの夢の跡



all that is left
of a warrior's dreams -
his sumo belt


Gabi Greve, May 2009


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Sumo Wrestling and related kigo

BACK TO the Daruma Museum

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Cap Clip

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Cap Clip

【2006年/新商品】WINWIN STYLE CM-301
だるま キャップクリップマーカー




© www.atomicgolf.jp


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Traffic Safety - Kotsu Anzen

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Traffic Safety Talisman :: Kootsuu Anzen
交通安全 お守り
Kotsu Anzen


. Amulets and Talismans from Japan .　

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だるまちゃんの交通安全
原作　加古　里子 Satoshi Kako


© PHOTO :　darumad.hp.infoseek.co.jp


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交通安全だるま。交通安全達磨



Gift from my friend Ishino.

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This one comes with a little sucction to plop it on the car window.



© From Temple Nishi Arai Daishi


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Sparkling for your safety !
Inside the car or fix it to the back of your bicycle.

光る！だるま！
発光色はスーパーブルー！



Sparkling in the night !



©　GP SHOP / GP-PRO

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On the roof of a taxi in Sapporo



おなじみのダルマが交通安全祈願も兼ねた行燈として、車体の上でいつも見守っています。

©　平岸ハイヤー 札幌　

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Prayer for 1000 days without a traffic accident

交通無事故1000日運動の経過



交通安全だるま開眼




水沢警察署　交通課長祝辞
Police officer during a speach for the event

©　Iwate Education

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From the Kyoto Motorcycle Show
October 9, 2005
2005年10月9日



© 京都モーターサイクルショー

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I found a big daruma at the gate of a police station in Kyoto.

- Shared by Esho Shimazu
Joys of Japan, March 2012


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Bike Helmet sticker from Temple Shorinzan
だるまステッカー




With the family crest of the Tokugawa clan


©　PHOTO : minkara.carview.co.jp


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Another Sticker




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MU JIKO ... 無事故だるま
Road Safety Daruma Doll
The eyebrows in the form of MU
The beard in the form of the two syllables JI and KO.



©　~um8d-tmzk

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jitensha, baiku 自転車・バイク用交通安全守り traffic safety for bicycle or motorbike
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



jidoo tsuugaku 児童通学お守り safe way to school
They are in the form of small Japanese school backpacks (Ranzen) for children.


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Kaijoo anzen 海上安全 safety on sea
Many temples and shrines along the coast of Japan sell them.


from Kumano Shrine, Wakayama


CLICK for more photos.

. Amulets and Talismans from Japan .　

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交通安全 / 無事故 無災害お守り kootsuu anzen / musaigai
for traffic safety and protection from catastrophies and fire

from shrine Shirasaki Hachimangu　白崎八幡宮
〒740-0017山口県岩国市今津町6-12-23 Yamaguchi

This shrine is long known for its amulets about traffic safety. The daimyo of the Kikkawa clan during the Kamakura period started to pray at this shrine. Traffic saferty changed from horseback to ships, to railway and later to aeroplanes.

The deity 白崎大神様 Shirasaki Ookamisama protects all who posess his amulet.
source :　sirasaki-hp.shop-pro.jp


hi no yoojin 火迺要慎 "beware of fire"
. Atago Jinja (愛宕神社) .
shrines worshipping the deity of fire,
Homusubi no mikoto 火産霊命 Deity of Fire


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Motorbike Helmets with Daruma
koutuanzen kootsu anzen
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. Traffic Safety with Fudo Myo-O 　不動明王　



Click for more !



LINK with many Kotsu Anzen stickers
source : morikichi


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Kaeru omamori カエル　蛙　Frog Amulet - Frosch

The word for frog is pronounced "kaeru."
It is a pun with the word "return home."
Therefore travelers carry a small frog amulet with the intent of returning safely to their family.

. Kaeru omamori カエルお守り　　蛙　Frog Amulet .

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. shrine Kibitsu Jinja 吉備津神社, Okayama .
amulet with crane and turtoise "tsurukame"　鶴亀


. Amulets and Talismans from Japan .　


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Helmet

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Helmet for Motorbikers


ALFA RAYS STIR
アルファレイズスティア/ ダルマメット



ライダーズギア　キャプテン　楽天市場店



Also available in red and blue.



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Traffic Safety and Daruma Kotsu Anzen (kootsu anzen　交通安全にだるま


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World Cup Daruma Nadeshiko Japan

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Daruma Doll Museum

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Soccer World Cup Daruma

From the Japanese Football Museum in July 2006, before the match with Croatia.

日本代表の最前線基地G-JAMPSからです。
2006年06月14日



こちらから、クロアチア戦に向けてサポーターのアツい気持ちを届けたいと思います！
© japan_football_museum

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Soccer Daruma サッカーだるま

日本代表サッカー決戦は



©　somyu/blog/　

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For Number 12 and Number 2

「１２番DOIと、２番でMONIWAでお願いします」






©　青赤自転車でいこう。

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Making Blue Darumas for the Soccer Team !



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清水エスパルス（しみず えすぱるす、Shimizu S-Pulse）は、日本プロサッカーリーグ（Jリーグ）に加盟するプロサッカークラブ。



エスパルス専用だるま

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Daruma doll artisan Chihiro Nakata displays a World Cup 2006 Germany doll at her studio in Takasaki, north of Tokyo, yesterday. Her company has received more than 1,200 requests for World Cup daruma dolls in preparation for the games, which begin on June 9.



©　www.taipeitimes.com May 2006

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Tee-Shirt for the World Cup 2010
World Cup in South Africa

ワールドカップ2010 応援 記念 Tシャツ FIFA ホワイト


source : store.shopping.yahoo.co.jp

They offer different shirts for each match of Japan.



Takasaki makers are also making large numbers of papermachee Daruma with the names of your favorite player to order.

Ｗ杯勝利への貪欲さ、青だるまに願う
中田純一
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


Reference : World Cup 2010

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Nadeshiko Japan なでしこジャパン　
Japan women's national football team



origami folded Daruma for the Nadeshiko girls.

One in red for Japan
one in blue for the World Cup
one in gold for the medal
one in chyogami as a Japanese feeling.



source :　handmade.xsrv.jp

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2011 FIFA Women's World Cup
After the final game finished 2–2 after extra time, Japan beat the United States 3–1 in a penalty shootout, becoming the first Asian team to win the FIFA Women's World Cup.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !







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